GENERAL: Garmin claims you can create Custom Maps in five easy steps (HERE). 'Your mileage may differ,' but using Google Earth to create Custom Maps was a time-consuming pain for this reviewer. For the serious hiker, it seems that the USGS 1:24,000 DRG topo maps would be the most useful and legible on the GPS screens. Google Earth isn't especially helpful in converting these maps to the required .kmz maps needed for the Garmin units.
Eventually I came across Global Mapper (about $300) which among its many features is an ability to import the georeferenced DRG .tif files and export them as a series of smaller georeferenced .kmz map files.
PROGRAM SETUP:
Exporting the data files as .kmz files to the Garmin unit is easy
as 1,2,3,4.
Click on these
thumbnails for larger views
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Open DRG Files
°
Open Control Center
Open GPS Tab
1. Open as many DRG geo-referenced .tif files as you like with
Ctrl-O. Notice, however that the borders are visible and overlap
on each other.
2. Open the Overlay Control Center: Tools, "Control Center..."
or (Alt-C), and highlight all the DRG maps you want to trim off the borders.
The program should find the unit's \Garmin\CustomMaps folder and automatically save 96-100 Cells (maps) to the GPS. (Remember the GPS unit has a limit of 100 maps per Custom Map). Also, the Basemap (which is required to be active in order to see your tracks) will not display the inaccurate Basemap highways.
CAUTION:
Always wait for the progress bars to completely
disappear before unplugging the unit. There is a delay from
the time the bars show "complete" to when the .kmz files have actually
been created and transferred to the unit.
CONCERNING IMAGE QUALITY:
In the Garmin Raster Export tab (above) is a place to adjust the
"Image Quality". This actually only adjusts the exported .jpg compression
before the maps are converted into .kmz files. I experimented with
various Image Quality selections, and discovered that one could reduce
the "Quality" to 10% without any discernible decrease in map resolution
on the GPS screens. Using a 10% Quality factor results in .kmz files
that are about 1/3th the size as when using the Default value of 50%.
This can reduce computer time significantly.
Dakota Screen Shots with various Image Quality settings
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0%
2%
5%
10%
50%
Dakota screen-shot resolutions with various number
of DRG maps loaded - This is independent of the Image Quality setting.
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4 DRG
6 DRG 8 DRG
16 DRG
Resolution at 10% Quality is not degraded up to six DRG Quads uploaded.
Eight and 16 Quads result in some reduction in resolution due to
the unit itself and not the Quality setting.
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Basemap Enabled
Scanned Paper Map
DATUM:
Most DRG maps are in the NAD-27 datum. However, some of the
later maps are in the NAD-83 datum. And even though some of these are georeferenced
incorrectly to NAD-27, Global Mapper corrects this automatically.
As with ANY map, to avoid UTM Northing errors of approximately 200 meters in the GPS unit, the Position Format should be set to the datum of the map being displayed. Lat/Long errors from an incorrect datum are in the range of the GPS errors and are therefore negligible.
Now don't get lost out there -youall!
jack
yeazel